Which of the following muscular disorders is inherited?
Muscular disorders are a group of conditions that affect the muscles and can range from mild to severe. Some of these disorders are inherited, meaning they are passed down from parents to their children through genes. In this article, we will explore some of the most common inherited muscular disorders and their characteristics.
One of the most well-known inherited muscular disorders is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This condition is caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which leads to the progressive weakening and breakdown of muscle tissue. Symptoms usually begin to appear in early childhood, and affected individuals often experience difficulty walking, running, and performing other physical activities. DMD is a severe disorder, and most individuals with the condition require lifelong assistance with mobility.
Another inherited muscular disorder is Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), which is similar to DMD but less severe. Like DMD, BMD is caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene, but the severity of symptoms can vary widely among individuals. People with BMD may experience muscle weakness and difficulty with activities such as walking and climbing stairs, but they often have a better prognosis than those with DMD.
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a rare inherited disorder that affects the muscles and can also lead to other complications, such as cataracts and heart problems. This condition is caused by an expansion of a specific DNA sequence in the DMPK gene, which leads to the production of an abnormal protein. Symptoms typically begin in adulthood and include muscle stiffness, weakness, and fatigue.
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is another inherited disorder that affects the muscles of the face, shoulders, and upper arms. This condition is caused by a mutation in the D4Z4 gene, which leads to the expansion of a DNA sequence. Symptoms usually begin in the teenage years or early adulthood and include muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly in the facial muscles.
These are just a few examples of inherited muscular disorders, and there are many others that affect individuals around the world. While these conditions can be challenging, advancements in genetic research and treatment options have provided hope for those affected. Early diagnosis and intervention can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for individuals with inherited muscular disorders.
