What does the Sunni Muslim believe? The Sunni Muslim faith, one of the two major denominations of Islam, is based on a set of core beliefs that shape the lives and practices of its followers. This article delves into the fundamental principles and values that underpin Sunni Islam, offering a comprehensive overview of what its adherents believe in.
Sunni Muslims, who constitute the majority of the global Muslim population, adhere to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, as recorded in the Quran and Hadith. The Quran, considered the holy book of Islam, is believed to be the word of God as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the Angel Gabriel. The Hadith, on the other hand, are the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad, which are collected in various compilations known as the Six Major Hadith Collections.
One of the central beliefs of Sunni Islam is the concept of Tawhid, which means the unity of God. Sunni Muslims believe in the oneness of Allah, the Arabic name for God, and that He is the creator, sustainer, and ruler of the universe. They also believe in the five pillars of Islam, which are the foundation of their faith and practices. These pillars include Shahada (faith), Salah (prayer), Zakat (charity), Sawm (fasting), and Hajj (pilgrimage).
The Shahada, the first pillar of Islam, is a declaration of faith that states, “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah.” This declaration is a fundamental belief that unites all Muslims, regardless of their denomination. Sunni Muslims believe that Allah is all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-present, and that He is the ultimate source of guidance and mercy.
Salah, the second pillar, is the daily worship performed five times a day. It involves the recitation of the Quran and the performance of ritual prayers that face the Kaaba in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Sunni Muslims believe that Salah is a direct connection between them and Allah, and that it brings spiritual purification and blessings.
Zakat, the third pillar, is a form of almsgiving that requires Muslims to give a fixed portion of their wealth to the needy and the welfare of the community. This act of charity is seen as a way to purify one’s wealth and foster a sense of community and social justice.
Sawm, the fourth pillar, is the practice of fasting during the holy month of Ramadan. Sunni Muslims fast from dawn until sunset, abstaining from food, drink, smoking, and marital relations. This period of self-discipline and reflection is believed to bring spiritual growth and a deeper understanding of the struggles faced by the less fortunate.
Hajj, the fifth and final pillar, is the pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim must undertake at least once in their lifetime, if they are physically and financially able. It is a journey of spiritual renewal and a demonstration of unity among Muslims from all corners of the world. During Hajj, pilgrims perform various rituals, including the Tawaf, the circumambulation of the Kaaba, and the Sa’i, walking between the hills of Safa and Marwah.
Additionally, Sunni Muslims believe in the Day of Judgment, where all people will be held accountable for their actions in life. They also hold the Prophets and Messengers of God in high regard, with Muhammad being the final and greatest Prophet. The Sunnis also follow the teachings of the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, who are considered to have been the first successors of the Prophet Muhammad.
In conclusion, the beliefs of Sunni Muslims are centered around the oneness of Allah, the importance of the Quran and Hadith, and the observance of the five pillars of Islam. These beliefs guide their daily lives, rituals, and interactions with others, fostering a sense of unity, spirituality, and social responsibility within the Sunni Muslim community.
